Cryptophthalmos

A rare failure of lid differentiation. Skin over eye (no lids or palpebral fissure) that may be merged in with the cornea, which is usually malformed.

Congenital Coloboma

Involves primarily the upper lid. No keratopathy.

Ankyloblepharon

Fusion of part or all lid margin: variant: Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum in which the lid margins are connected by fine strands.

Congenital Entropion

Usually involves the lower lid. Distal part of tarsus rotated inward. Lashes abrade the cornea causing keratopathy. Permanent corneal damage is uncommon.

Epiblepharon

A horizontal fold of skin adjacent to either the upper or lower lid (most commonly on lower lid). Tolerated well by the cornea. Often spontaneously resolves later in life. Surgery only needed in severe cases

Congenital Tarsal Kink

Child is born with the upper lid bent backwards, often with a 180 degree fold in the upper tarsal plate. Corneal exposure and rubbing by the bent edge can result in ulceration.

Distichiasis

An accessory row of lashes growing from the meibomian orifices or posteriorly. These lashes are thinner, shorter, less pigmented and commonly well tolerated.

Euryblepharon

Enlargement of the lateral part of the palpebral aperture with downward displacement of the temporal 1/2 of the lower lid.

Epicanthus

Crescentic fold of skin running vertically between the lids and overlying the inner canthus. There are three types:

Inversus: If the fold is most prominent in the lower eyelid

Tarsalis: (Most people) The fold is most prominent in the upper eyelid

Palpebralis: If the fold is equally distributed in the upper and lower eyelids.

Telecanthus

Normal interpupillary distance but wide intercanthal distance. i.e. Waardenburg’s syndrome.

Blepharophimosis

Vertically and horizontally shortened Syndrome palpebral fissures.

Ptosis

Drooping of the upper eyelid.

Lipodermoid

Solid tumors that are most often found underneath the conjuctiva adjacent to the superior temporal quadrant of the globe